Sufism (Tasawwuf)
indicates the spirituality of Islam or in other words the
interior truth (Haqiqah)
and just like the religious law (Sharia)
has only Prophecy as its true origin.
This
is why the interior reality of Sufism characterized the
practices of the ascetics of the first genera rations even
though the term ‘Sufism’ was not then in use. It is
consequently easy to understand the remarks of Hujwiri;
‘Today Tasawwuf is a name without a reality whereas it was a
reality without a name.’ Hujwiri adds‘
at
the time of the Companions and their successors this name
did not exist, but the reality which it indicates was known
by each one of them.’ (Abu
Hassan Al-Fushunji (Died 318)
It
is therefore necessary to distinguish between on the one
hand the essence of Sufism and its doctrines and its
historical and social manifestations, which are always only
secondary phenomena. Sufism draws from the source of Divine Lights and the Divine
Secrets contained in the Qur’an and its true origin, which
is nearness to GOD. It
is the precise reason why the Sufis explained the science of Tasawwuf as a knowledge emerging from nearness to GOD (‘Ilm
laduni). This science is generally described by way of
taste (dhawq), i.e. the intimate experience of the
proximity of GOD. The
noble Prophet, (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) referred to this knowledge when he said: ‘He tasted the
scent of Faith (dhaqa ta’my al-iman)’ (ref: Muslim, Iman 11). It
should be noted that some of the detractors of Sufism deny
it on the basis that the term ‘Sufism’ did not exist at the
time of the Prophet (…). Such critics fail to realize that
Sufism is a religious science similar to the other sciences
of Fiqh, Tafseer etc. These sciences only serve to develop
the potentialities already inherent in the Quranic
revelation. Their appearance at more or less the same time
was in response to the need of the community for the
expression of the principles, sciences and lights contained
in the revealed text.
Furthermore the reality of Sufism has been clearly
formulated in the famous hadith known as the ‘Hadith of
Jibril’ in which the Prophet (…) was questioned about
Ihsan
(excellence in faith and good character). He (…)
replied: “Worship GOD as if you saw Him and if you do not
see Him then do so in the knowledge that He sees you.” The
Sufis and religious scholars are in agreement that this
station of excellence is the same spiritual station as the
one who has embodied the noble character and behaviour of
the Prophet (makarim akhlaq) and the one whose heart
is purified of all that is not GOD. Nobody embodied the noble character of the Prophet better
than the Companions and the generation which followed them. This is why all the Sufis are convinced that all the
Companions were truly Sufis, whatever the historical origin
of the term may be. The composition of the traditional
treaties on Sufism provides written clarification of
experience and doctrines and explanations of their
foundations, principles, methods and spiritual practices.
This clarification is beneficial because not only does it
answer hostile criticisms but it also awakens desire for the
spiritual life in those who are seeking assemblies for the
remembrance of GOD (maglis al-dhikrullah) and the
experience of spiritual love (al-mahabba). This is
the reason d’etre of all the Sufi ways in every time. As Al-Junayd
said “ Our way (madhab) is founded on the principles
of the Book (Al-Quran) and on the prophetic way
(Sunnah). He also said “ this science of ours is
understood through the words of the Messenger of GOD”. (Risalat
Al Qushayriya)???